O31Not billable, use a more specific code below
Complications specific to multiple gestation
In Maternal care related to the fetus and amniotic cavity and possible delivery problems (O30-O48), chapter 15: Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium
168 billable codes under O31: 21 are a CC; none map to an HCC.A CC or MCC (major CC) is a secondary diagnosis that raises the MS-DRG payment.
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Instructional notes
Official coding guidelines
From the ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting, FY 2027 (CMS and NCHS). Links open the PDF at the right page.
Coding of obstetric cases with O00-O9A codes: sequencing priority, trimester and fetus characters, principal diagnosis selection, delivery outcome, and pregnancy-related complications.
- General Rules for Obstetric Cases (page 63)
- Selection of OB Principal or First-listed Diagnosis (page 64)
- Pre-existing conditions versus conditions due to the pregnancy (page 65)
- Pre-existing hypertension in pregnancy (page 66)
- Fetal Conditions Affecting the Management of the Mother (page 66)
- HIV Infection in Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium (page 66)
- Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy (page 66)
- Long term use of insulin and oral hypoglycemics (page 67)
All codes under O31
O31 can't be used on a claim. Pick a billable code below; grey headings group them.
- O31.0Papyraceous fetus
- O31.00Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester
- O31.00X0Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.00X1Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
- O31.00X2Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
- O31.00X3Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
- O31.00X4Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
- O31.00X5Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
- O31.00X9Papyraceous fetus, unspecified trimester, other fetus
- O31.01Papyraceous fetus, first trimester
- O31.01X0Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.01X1Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 1
- O31.01X2Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 2
- O31.01X3Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 3
- O31.01X4Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 4
- O31.01X5Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, fetus 5
- O31.01X9Papyraceous fetus, first trimester, other fetus
- O31.02Papyraceous fetus, second trimester
- O31.02X0Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.02X1Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 1
- O31.02X2Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 2
- O31.02X3Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 3
- O31.02X4Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 4
- O31.02X5Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, fetus 5
- O31.02X9Papyraceous fetus, second trimester, other fetus
- O31.03Papyraceous fetus, third trimester
- O31.03X0Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.03X1Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 1
- O31.03X2Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 2
- O31.03X3Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 3
- O31.03X4Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 4
- O31.03X5Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, fetus 5
- O31.03X9Papyraceous fetus, third trimester, other fetus
- O31.1Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more
- O31.10Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
- O31.10X0Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.10X1Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
- O31.10X2Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
- O31.10X3Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
- O31.10X4Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
- O31.10X5Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
- O31.10X9Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
- O31.11Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester
- O31.11X0Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.11X1Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
- O31.11X2Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
- O31.11X3Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
- O31.11X4Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
- O31.11X5Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
- O31.11X9Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
- O31.12Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester
- O31.12X0Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.12X1Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
- O31.12X2Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
- O31.12X3Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
- O31.12X4Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
- O31.12X5Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
- O31.12X9Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
- O31.13Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester
- O31.13X0Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.13X1Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
- O31.13X2Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
- O31.13X3Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
- O31.13X4Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
- O31.13X5Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
- O31.13X9Continuing pregnancy after spontaneous abortion of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
- O31.2Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more
- O31.20Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
- O31.20X0Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.20X1Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
- O31.20X2Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
- O31.20X3Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
- O31.20X4Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
- O31.20X5Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
- O31.20X9Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
- O31.21Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester
- O31.21X0Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.21X1Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
- O31.21X2Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
- O31.21X3Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
- O31.21X4Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
- O31.21X5Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
- O31.21X9Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
- O31.22Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester
- O31.22X0Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.22X1Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
- O31.22X2Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
- O31.22X3Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
- O31.22X4Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
- O31.22X5Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
- O31.22X9Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
- O31.23Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester
- O31.23X0Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.23X1Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
- O31.23X2Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
- O31.23X3Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
- O31.23X4Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
- O31.23X5Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
- O31.23X9Continuing pregnancy after intrauterine death of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
- O31.3Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more
- O31.30Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
- O31.30X0Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.30X1Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
- O31.30X2Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
- O31.30X3Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
- O31.30X4Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
- O31.30X5Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
- O31.30X9Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
- O31.31Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester
- O31.31X0Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.31X1Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
- O31.31X2Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
- O31.31X3Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
- O31.31X4Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
- O31.31X5Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
- O31.31X9Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
- O31.32Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester
- O31.32X0Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.32X1Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
- O31.32X2Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
- O31.32X3Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
- O31.32X4Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
- O31.32X5Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
- O31.32X9Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
- O31.33Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester
- O31.33X0Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.33X1Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
- O31.33X2Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
- O31.33X3Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
- O31.33X4Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
- O31.33X5Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
- O31.33X9Continuing pregnancy after elective fetal reduction of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
- O31.4Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more
- O31.40Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester
- O31.40X0Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.40X1Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
- O31.40X2Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
- O31.40X3Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
- O31.40X4Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
- O31.40X5Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
- O31.40X9Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, unspecified trimester, other fetus
- O31.41Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester
- O31.41X0Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.41X1Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 1
- O31.41X2Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 2
- O31.41X3Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 3
- O31.41X4Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 4
- O31.41X5Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, fetus 5
- O31.41X9Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, first trimester, other fetus
- O31.42Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester
- O31.42X0Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.42X1Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 1
- O31.42X2Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 2
- O31.42X3Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 3
- O31.42X4Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 4
- O31.42X5Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, fetus 5
- O31.42X9Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, second trimester, other fetus
- O31.43Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester
- O31.43X0Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.43X1Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 1
- O31.43X2Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 2
- O31.43X3Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 3
- O31.43X4Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 4
- O31.43X5Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, fetus 5
- O31.43X9Continuing pregnancy after vanishing twin syndrome of one fetus or more, third trimester, other fetus
- O31.8Other complications specific to multiple gestation
- O31.8XOther complications specific to multiple gestation
- O31.8X1Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester
- O31.8X10Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.8X11Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 1
- O31.8X12Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 2
- O31.8X13Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 3
- O31.8X14Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 4
- O31.8X15Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, fetus 5
- O31.8X19Other complications specific to multiple gestation, first trimester, other fetus
- O31.8X2Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester
- O31.8X20Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.8X21Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 1
- O31.8X22Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 2
- O31.8X23Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 3
- O31.8X24Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 4
- O31.8X25Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, fetus 5
- O31.8X29Other complications specific to multiple gestation, second trimester, other fetus
- O31.8X3Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester
- O31.8X30Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.8X31Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 1
- O31.8X32Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 2
- O31.8X33Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 3
- O31.8X34Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 4
- O31.8X35Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, fetus 5
- O31.8X39Other complications specific to multiple gestation, third trimester, other fetus
- O31.8X9Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester
- O31.8X90Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, not applicable or unspecified
- O31.8X91Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 1
- O31.8X92Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 2
- O31.8X93Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 3
- O31.8X94Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 4
- O31.8X95Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, fetus 5
- O31.8X99Other complications specific to multiple gestation, unspecified trimester, other fetus
O31 MS-DRGs
As the principal diagnosis, all 168 billable codes under O31 group to MS-DRG 817, 818, 819, 831, 832, or 833 (v44.0). Which one applies depends on procedures performed, secondary diagnoses (CC/MCC), and the patient's age and discharge status.
- DRG 817 Other Antepartum Diagnoses with O.R. Procedures with MCC
- DRG 818 Other Antepartum Diagnoses with O.R. Procedures with CC
- DRG 819 Other Antepartum Diagnoses with O.R. Procedures without CC/MCC
- DRG 831 Other Antepartum Diagnoses without O.R. Procedures with MCC
- DRG 832 Other Antepartum Diagnoses without O.R. Procedures with CC
- DRG 833 Other Antepartum Diagnoses without O.R. Procedures without CC/MCC
About the condition
Plain-language background from MedlinePlus (National Library of Medicine), not coding guidance.
Twins, Triplets, Multiple Births
If you are pregnant with more than one baby, you are far from alone. Multiple births are up in the United States. More women are having babies after age 30 and more are taking fertility drugs. Both boost the chance of carrying more than one baby. A family history of twins also makes multiples more likely.
Read more about twins, triplets, multiple births on MedlinePlusCode history
Valid since FY2016, when ICD-10-CM took effect on October 1, 2015. No changes since.